Fish and people
How people know a fish.
Food fish
Fish is one of the main foods of humanity. The Food and Agriculture Organization reckons that aquatic foods provide about 15 per cent of the animal protein people eat worldwide, and much more in coastal and island countries and in places such as Bangladesh, Indonesia and West Africa
Farmed
Fish farming, or aquaculture, raises fish in ponds, tanks, raceways and cages. It has grown fast since the 1980s while wild catches have levelled off, and in 2022, the Food and Agriculture Organization reported, farms produced more aquatic animals than wild fisheries for the first time
Aquarium fish
Fishkeeping is one of the most popular pet hobbies in the world. Home aquariums hold freshwater fish such as guppies, tetras, barbs, gouramis, cichlids and catfish, and marine tanks keep clownfish, tangs and other reef fish
Sport fishing
Sport fishing, or recreational angling, is fishing for enjoyment rather than a living. Hundreds of millions of people fish this way, from children with a line in a pond to anglers who travel the world for marlin, tarpon or mahseer
Culture and faith
Fish swim through the art, faith and symbols of many peoples. They appear in myths of floods and creation, as signs of fertility and good fortune, as national and state emblems and at the centre of festivals and rites
Venomous or dangerous
A small number of fish can harm people. Some inject venom through spines, such as the stonefish, lionfish and stingrays
Invasive
An invasive fish is one that people have carried outside its natural range, for farming, sport, the aquarium trade, mosquito control or by accident, and that spreads and harms native wildlife or livelihoods. Not every introduced fish becomes invasive, and some, such as tilapia and carps, are valued as food in the same places where they cause damage
Science and research
Fish are important in science. Some species are model organisms, small, fast-breeding fish that are studied in depth in laboratories to understand biology in general, from how embryos grow to how genes cause disease